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1. Choose the word that best fits the blank. The committee decided to （　） the meeting until next week because several key members were absent.
2. Choose the word that best fits the blank. Although the new policy was controversial, the mayor remained （　） in his decision and refused to change it.
3. Choose the word that best fits the blank. The scientist's findings were so （　） that they completely changed the way researchers understood the disease.
4. Choose the word that best fits the blank. The two companies agreed to （　） their resources in order to compete more effectively in the global market.
5. Choose the word that best fits the blank. Critics praised the documentary for its （　） portrayal of life in the remote village, capturing even the smallest details.
6. Choose the word that best fits the blank. The government introduced new measures to （　） the spread of false information on social media.
7. Choose the word that best fits the blank. After years of research, the team finally managed to （　） a vaccine that proved effective against the virus.
8. Choose the word that best fits the blank. The witness gave a detailed and （　） account of the accident, and the police found no contradictions in his story.
9. Choose the word that best fits the blank. The new manager was determined to （　） the inefficient procedures that had slowed down the company for years.
10. Choose the word that best fits the blank. Despite the difficult circumstances, she remained （　） and never lost hope that things would improve.
11. Choose the word that best fits the blank. The professor's lecture was so （　） that many students struggled to follow his complicated arguments.
12. Choose the word that best fits the blank. The company was accused of trying to （　） the environmental risks of its new factory in order to win public support.
13. Choose the word that best fits the blank. The athlete's remarkable recovery was （　） to her strict training and the support of her coaches.
14. Choose the word that best fits the blank. The peace talks finally （　） in an agreement that satisfied both sides after months of negotiation.
15. Choose the word that best fits the blank. The instructions were deliberately （　）, leaving the staff uncertain about what they were supposed to do.
16. Choose the word that best fits the blank. The charity relies （　） on donations from the public, so a drop in giving could threaten its survival.
17. Choose the word that best fits the blank. The historian argued that the revolution was not a sudden event but the （　） of decades of social tension.
18. Choose the word that best fits the blank. The article praised the artist for her ability to （　） complex emotions through simple images.
19. Read the passage and choose the best word or phrase for the blank. Urban planners have long debated how to deal with traffic congestion. One traditional response has been to build wider roads. Studies have shown, （　）, that adding lanes often fails to reduce congestion in the long run. As roads expand, more drivers choose to use them, and traffic soon returns to its previous level. This phenomenon is known as induced demand.
20. Read the passage and choose the best word or phrase for the blank. Many people assume that working longer hours always leads to greater output. Recent research, however, suggests the opposite. Employees who work excessively often become tired and make more mistakes. （　）, several companies that reduced working hours reported that productivity actually rose. These findings challenge the common belief that more time at the desk means more results.
21. Read the passage and choose the best word or phrase for the blank. When a new technology appears, public reaction is often divided. Some welcome it eagerly, while others worry about its possible dangers. Printing, photography, and the internet all met with （　） at first. Over time, however, societies tended to find ways to adapt, regulating the technology and integrating it into daily life.
22. Read the passage and choose the best word or phrase for the blank. Bilingual education has become increasingly popular in many countries. Supporters claim that learning two languages from an early age improves not only communication skills but also general thinking ability. （　）, critics warn that children may become confused if the two languages are not taught carefully. The debate continues, but most experts agree that the quality of teaching matters more than the number of languages.
23. Read the passage and choose the best word or phrase for the blank. Coral reefs are among the richest ecosystems on the planet, supporting countless species of fish and other marine life. In recent decades, however, rising sea temperatures have caused widespread coral bleaching. If this trend （　）, scientists fear that many reefs could disappear within the next few generations, threatening both wildlife and the people who depend on the sea for food.
24. Read the passage and choose the best word or phrase for the blank. Volunteering abroad has become a popular choice for young people who want to help others while seeing the world. Yet experts urge caution. Without proper training, well-meaning volunteers may （　） more harm than good, especially when they take on tasks they are not qualified for. The most useful programs, they argue, focus on supporting local communities rather than replacing local workers.
25. Read the passage and answer the question. In recent years, keeping bees in cities has grown into a surprising trend. Rooftops, balconies, and community gardens in major cities now host thousands of hives. Supporters point out that urban areas can actually be good for bees. Cities often have a wide variety of flowering plants in parks and gardens, and they tend to use fewer agricultural chemicals than the countryside. As a result, city bees sometimes produce more honey than their rural relatives. However, the rapid spread of urban beekeeping has raised concerns among some experts. They warn that if too many hives are kept in a small area, the bees may compete with one another, and with wild pollinators such as butterflies and other insects, for a limited amount of flowers. Rather than simply adding more hives, these experts argue, cities should focus on planting more flowers and protecting the natural habitats that all pollinators need. 質問しつもん: According to the passage, why can cities be good places for bees?
26. Read the passage and answer the question. In recent years, keeping bees in cities has grown into a surprising trend. Rooftops, balconies, and community gardens in major cities now host thousands of hives. Supporters point out that urban areas can actually be good for bees. Cities often have a wide variety of flowering plants in parks and gardens, and they tend to use fewer agricultural chemicals than the countryside. As a result, city bees sometimes produce more honey than their rural relatives. However, the rapid spread of urban beekeeping has raised concerns among some experts. They warn that if too many hives are kept in a small area, the bees may compete with one another, and with wild pollinators such as butterflies and other insects, for a limited amount of flowers. Rather than simply adding more hives, these experts argue, cities should focus on planting more flowers and protecting the natural habitats that all pollinators need. 質問しつもん: What concern do some experts have about urban beekeeping?
27. Read the passage and answer the question. In recent years, keeping bees in cities has grown into a surprising trend. Rooftops, balconies, and community gardens in major cities now host thousands of hives. Supporters point out that urban areas can actually be good for bees. Cities often have a wide variety of flowering plants in parks and gardens, and they tend to use fewer agricultural chemicals than the countryside. As a result, city bees sometimes produce more honey than their rural relatives. However, the rapid spread of urban beekeeping has raised concerns among some experts. They warn that if too many hives are kept in a small area, the bees may compete with one another, and with wild pollinators such as butterflies and other insects, for a limited amount of flowers. Rather than simply adding more hives, these experts argue, cities should focus on planting more flowers and protecting the natural habitats that all pollinators need. 質問しつもん: What do these experts suggest cities should do?
28. Read the passage and answer the question. In recent years, keeping bees in cities has grown into a surprising trend. Rooftops, balconies, and community gardens in major cities now host thousands of hives. Supporters point out that urban areas can actually be good for bees. Cities often have a wide variety of flowering plants in parks and gardens, and they tend to use fewer agricultural chemicals than the countryside. As a result, city bees sometimes produce more honey than their rural relatives. However, the rapid spread of urban beekeeping has raised concerns among some experts. They warn that if too many hives are kept in a small area, the bees may compete with one another, and with wild pollinators such as butterflies and other insects, for a limited amount of flowers. Rather than simply adding more hives, these experts argue, cities should focus on planting more flowers and protecting the natural habitats that all pollinators need. 質問しつもん: What is the main point of the passage as a whole?
29. Read the passage and answer the question. The deep sea remains one of the least explored regions on Earth. Although humans have walked on the Moon, much of the ocean floor has never been seen directly. The main reason is the extreme conditions found there: total darkness, freezing temperatures, and crushing pressure that can destroy ordinary equipment. To study these depths, scientists rely on special submarines and remotely operated vehicles that can withstand such harsh surroundings. Despite these difficulties, recent expeditions have made remarkable discoveries. Researchers have found creatures that produce their own light, bacteria that live without sunlight, and entire ecosystems built around hot vents on the ocean floor. Such findings not only expand our knowledge of life on Earth but may also offer clues about whether life could exist on other planets with similarly extreme environments. 質問しつもん: According to the passage, why is the deep sea so difficult to explore?
30. Read the passage and answer the question. The deep sea remains one of the least explored regions on Earth. Although humans have walked on the Moon, much of the ocean floor has never been seen directly. The main reason is the extreme conditions found there: total darkness, freezing temperatures, and crushing pressure that can destroy ordinary equipment. To study these depths, scientists rely on special submarines and remotely operated vehicles that can withstand such harsh surroundings. Despite these difficulties, recent expeditions have made remarkable discoveries. Researchers have found creatures that produce their own light, bacteria that live without sunlight, and entire ecosystems built around hot vents on the ocean floor. Such findings not only expand our knowledge of life on Earth but may also offer clues about whether life could exist on other planets with similarly extreme environments. 質問しつもん: How do scientists study the deep sea?
31. Read the passage and answer the question. The deep sea remains one of the least explored regions on Earth. Although humans have walked on the Moon, much of the ocean floor has never been seen directly. The main reason is the extreme conditions found there: total darkness, freezing temperatures, and crushing pressure that can destroy ordinary equipment. To study these depths, scientists rely on special submarines and remotely operated vehicles that can withstand such harsh surroundings. Despite these difficulties, recent expeditions have made remarkable discoveries. Researchers have found creatures that produce their own light, bacteria that live without sunlight, and entire ecosystems built around hot vents on the ocean floor. Such findings not only expand our knowledge of life on Earth but may also offer clues about whether life could exist on other planets with similarly extreme environments. 質問しつもん: What is one discovery mentioned in the passage?
32. Read the passage and answer the question. The deep sea remains one of the least explored regions on Earth. Although humans have walked on the Moon, much of the ocean floor has never been seen directly. The main reason is the extreme conditions found there: total darkness, freezing temperatures, and crushing pressure that can destroy ordinary equipment. To study these depths, scientists rely on special submarines and remotely operated vehicles that can withstand such harsh surroundings. Despite these difficulties, recent expeditions have made remarkable discoveries. Researchers have found creatures that produce their own light, bacteria that live without sunlight, and entire ecosystems built around hot vents on the ocean floor. Such findings not only expand our knowledge of life on Earth but may also offer clues about whether life could exist on other planets with similarly extreme environments. 質問しつもん: Why might deep-sea discoveries be important beyond Earth?
33. Read the passage and answer the question. For centuries, public libraries were valued mainly as places to borrow books. In the age of the internet, however, some people began to question whether libraries were still necessary. After all, vast amounts of information are now available online at any time. Yet far from disappearing, many libraries have reinvented themselves to meet the needs of their communities. Today, a typical library may offer free internet access to people who cannot afford it at home, host classes on how to use computers, and provide quiet spaces for students and remote workers. Some libraries even lend tools, musical instruments, or seeds for gardening. In this way, libraries have shifted from being simply storehouses of books to becoming community centers that support learning and social connection. 質問しつもん: Why did some people question whether libraries were still necessary?
34. Read the passage and answer the question. For centuries, public libraries were valued mainly as places to borrow books. In the age of the internet, however, some people began to question whether libraries were still necessary. After all, vast amounts of information are now available online at any time. Yet far from disappearing, many libraries have reinvented themselves to meet the needs of their communities. Today, a typical library may offer free internet access to people who cannot afford it at home, host classes on how to use computers, and provide quiet spaces for students and remote workers. Some libraries even lend tools, musical instruments, or seeds for gardening. In this way, libraries have shifted from being simply storehouses of books to becoming community centers that support learning and social connection. 質問しつもん: What is one new service that some modern libraries provide?
35. Read the passage and answer the question. For centuries, public libraries were valued mainly as places to borrow books. In the age of the internet, however, some people began to question whether libraries were still necessary. After all, vast amounts of information are now available online at any time. Yet far from disappearing, many libraries have reinvented themselves to meet the needs of their communities. Today, a typical library may offer free internet access to people who cannot afford it at home, host classes on how to use computers, and provide quiet spaces for students and remote workers. Some libraries even lend tools, musical instruments, or seeds for gardening. In this way, libraries have shifted from being simply storehouses of books to becoming community centers that support learning and social connection. 質問しつもん: According to the passage, how have libraries changed?
36. Read the broadcast text and answer the question. 放送ほうそう文ぶん: Man: I heard you're planning to study abroad next year. Have you decided where to go? Woman: I've narrowed it down to Canada and Australia, but I haven't made up my mind yet. Both have great universities. Man: Well, if you want to avoid cold winters, Australia might be the better choice. Woman: That's a good point. I'll think it over. 質問しつもん: What is the woman trying to decide?
37. Read the broadcast text and answer the question. 放送ほうそう文ぶん: Woman: Excuse me, I bought this jacket here yesterday, but I've noticed a small tear near the pocket. Man: I'm very sorry about that. Would you like a refund, or would you prefer to exchange it for a new one? Woman: I'd rather exchange it, if you have the same size in stock. Man: Let me check for you right away. 質問しつもん: What does the woman want to do?
38. Read the broadcast text and answer the question. 放送ほうそう文ぶん: Attention, passengers. The 7:45 express train to Central Station has been delayed by approximately twenty minutes due to a signal problem further down the line. Passengers in a hurry may wish to take the local train on Platform 3, which is scheduled to depart on time. We apologize for the inconvenience and thank you for your patience. 質問しつもん: What should passengers in a hurry do?
39. Read the broadcast text and answer the question. 放送ほうそう文ぶん: Good evening, everyone, and welcome to tonight's lecture. Before we begin, I'd like to remind you that recording the talk is not permitted. However, the slides will be made available on our website after the event, so there's no need to take detailed notes. We'll have a question-and-answer session at the end, so please save your questions until then. 質問しつもん: What does the speaker ask the audience to do?
40. Read the broadcast text and answer the question. 放送ほうそう文ぶん: Manager: Thanks for coming in early, Tom. As you know, our busiest season starts next month, so we'll be hiring three more part-time staff. I'd like you to help train them once they arrive. Tom: Of course. Should I prepare a training manual? Manager: That would be a great help. Could you have a draft ready by Friday? Tom: No problem. I'll get started today. 質問しつもん: What will Tom most likely do first?